BOSTON, April 28 (Reuters) – U.S.
officials on Tuesday arrested Roman Sterlingov, the alleged principal operator of cryptocurrency money laundering website Bitcoin Fog, according to a federal court filing.
Sterlingov, a citizen of Russia and dark web market Sweden, was detained in Los Angeles on money-laundering related charges.
Bitcoin Fog, launched in 2011, is one of the original Bitcoin “tumbler” or “mixer” services designed to help users anonymize cryptocurrencies payments, dark web Link especially on so-called darknet market online markets that trafficked in drugs and dark market url web darknet market urls other illegal products, according to a legal statement accompanying the criminal complaint by Internal Revenue Service special agent Devon Beckett.
“Analysis of bitcoin transactions, financial records, Internet service provider records, email records and additional investigative information, identifies Roman Sterlingov as the principal operator of Bitcoin Fog,” Beckett wrote.
More than 1.2 million Bitcoin (BTC) — worth approximately $336 million at the time of the transactions — were sent through Bitcoin Fog, according to the Beckett statement.
A spokesperson for the U.S.
Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia, which is handling the case, dark web darknet market did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Requests sent to email addresses tied to Sterlingov were not immediately returned. (Reporting by Lawrence Delevingne; Editing by Aurora Ellis)
This is part of our about how innovators are thinking up new ways to make you — and the world around you — smarter.
“Are you a hacker?”
A Las Vegas driver asks me this after I tell him I’m headed to Defcon at Caesars Palace. I wonder if his sweat isn’t just from the 110℉ heat blasting the city.
All week, a cloud of paranoia looms over Las Vegas, as hackers from around the world swarm Sin City for Black Hat and Defcon, two back-to-back cybersecurity conferences taking place in the last week of July. At Caesars Palace, where Defcon is celebrating its 25th anniversary, the UPS store posts a sign telling guests it won’t accept printing requests from USB thumb drives. You can’t be too careful with all those hackers in town.
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Everywhere I walk I see hackers — in tin-foiled fedoras, wearing . Mike Spicer, a security researcher, carries a 4-foot-high backpack holding a “Wi-Fi cactus.” Think wires, antennas, colored lights and 25 Wi-Fi scanners that, in seven hours, captured 75 gigabytes of data from anyone foolish enough to use public Wi-Fi. I see a woman thank him for holding the door open for her, all while his backpack sniffs for unencrypted passwords and personal information it can grab literally out of thin air.
You’d think that, with all the potential threats literally walking about town, Vegas’ director of technology and innovation, Mike Sherwood, would be stressed out. It’s his job to protect thousands of smart sensors around the city that could jam traffic, blast water through pipes or cause a blackout if anything goes haywire.
And yet he’s sitting right in front of me at Black Hat, smiling.
His entire three-person team, in fact, darknet market links is at Black Hat so they can learn how to stave off future attacks. Machine learning is guarding Las Vegas’ network for them.
Broadly speaking, artificial intelligence refers to machines carrying out jobs that we would consider smart. Machine learning is a subset of AI in which computers learn and darknet market list adapt for themselves.
Now a number of cybersecurity companies are turning to machine learning in an attempt to stay one step ahead of professionals working to steal industrial secrets, disrupt national infrastructures, hold computer networks for ransom and even influence elections. Las Vegas, which relies on machine learning to keep the bad guys out, offers a glimpse into a future when more of us will turn to our AI overlords for protection.
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Man and machine
At its most basic, machine learning for security involves feeding massive amounts of data to the AI program, which the software then analyzes to spot patterns and recognize what is, and isn’t, a threat. If you do this millions of times, the machine becomes smart enough to prevent intrusions and malware on its own.
Theoretically.
Machine learning naysayers argue that hackers can write malware to trick AI. Sure the software can learn really fast, but it stumbles when it encounters data its creators didn’t anticipate. Remember how trolls turned ? It makes a good case against relying on AI for cybersecurity, where the stakes are so high.
Even so, that has protected Las Vegas’ network and thousands of sensors for the last 18 months.
Since last February, Darktrace has defended the city from cyberattacks, around the clock. That comes in handy when you have only three staffers handling cybersecurity for people, 3,000 employees and thousands of online devices. It was worse when Sherwood joined two years ago.
“That was the time where we only had one security person on the team,” Sherwood tells me. “That was when I thought, ‘I need help and I can’t afford to hire more people.'”
He’d already used Darktrace in his previous job as deputy director of public safety and city technology in Irvine, California, and he thought the software could help in Las Vegas. Within two weeks, Darktrace found malware on Las Vegas’ network that was sending out data.
“We didn’t even know,” Sherwood says. “Traditional scanners weren’t picking it up.”
Pattern recognition
I’m standing in front of a tattoo parlor in , a little more than 4 miles from Caesars Palace. Across the street, I see three shuttered stores next to two bail bonds shops.
I’m convinced the taxi driver dropped me off at the wrong location.
This is supposed to be Vegas’ $1 million Innovation District project? Where are the in the area? Or the ?
I look again at the Innovation District map on my phone. I’m in the right place. Despite the rundown stores, trailer homes and empty lots, this corner of downtown Vegas is much smarter than it looks.
That’s because hidden on the roads and inside all the streetlights, traffic signals and pipes are thousands of sensors. They’re tracking the air quality, controlling the lights and water, counting the cars traveling along the roads, and providing Wi-Fi.
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Officials chose the city’s rundown area to serve as its Innovation District because they wanted to redevelop it, with help from technology, Sherwood says. There’s just one problem: All those connected devices are potential targets for a cyberattack. That’s where Darktrace comes in.
Sherwood willingly banks on Darktrace to protect the city’s entire network because the software comes at machine learning from a different angle. Most machine learning tools rely on brute force: cramming themselves with thousands of terabytes of data so they can learn through plenty of trial and error. That’s how IBM’s Deep Blue computer learned to defeat Garry Kasparov, the world chess champion, in a best-of-seven match in 1997. In the security world, that data describes malware signatures — essentially algorithms that identify specific viruses or worms, for instance.
Darktrace, in contrast, doesn’t look at a massive database of malware that’s come before. Instead, it looks for patterns of human behavior. It learns within a week what’s considered normal behavior for users and sets off alarms when things fall out of pattern, dark market url like when someone’s computer suddenly starts encrypting loads of files.
Rise of the machines?
Still, it’s probably too soon to hand over all security responsibilities to artificial intelligence, says , a security professor and director of Carnegie Mellon University’s CyLab Security and Privacy Institute. He predicts it’ll take at least 10 years before we can safely use AI to keep bad things out.
“It’s really easy for AI to miss things,” Brumley tells me over the phone. “It’s not a perfect solution, and you still need people to make important choices.”
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Brumley’s team last year built an AI machine that won beating out other AI entries. A few days later, their contender took on some of the world’s best hackers at Defcon. They came in last.
Sure, machines can help humans fight the scale and speed of attacks, but it’ll take years before they can actually call the shots, says Brumley.
That’s because the model for AI right now is still data cramming, which — by today’s standards — is actually kind of dumb.
But it was still good enough to , making him the de facto poster child for man outsmarted by machine.
“I always remind people it was a rematch, because I won the first one,” he tells me, chuckling, while sitting in a room at Caesars Palace during Defcon. Today Kasparov, 54, is the which is why he’s been giving talks around the country on why humans need to work with AI in cybersecurity.
He tells me machines can now learn too fast for humans to keep up, no matter if it’s chess or cybersecurity. “The vigilance and the precision required to beat the machine — it’s virtually impossible to reach in human competition,” Kasparov says.
Nobody’s perfect
About two months before Defcon, I’m at Darktrace’s headquarters in New York, where company executives show me how the system works.
On a screen, I see connected computers and printers sending data to Darktrace’s network as it monitors for behavior that’s out of the ordinary.
Garry Kasparov addresses the Defcon crowd at this year’s conference.
Avast
“For example, Sue doesn’t usually access this much internal data,” Nancy Karches, Darktrace’s sales manager, tells me. “This is straying from Sue’s normal pattern.” So Darktrace shuts down an attack most likely waged by another machine.
“When you have machine-based attacks, the attacks are moving at a machine speed from one to the other,” says Darktrace CEO Nicole Eagan. “It’s hard for humans to keep up with that.”
But what happens when AI becomes the norm? When everyone’s using AI, says Brumley, hackers will turn all their attention on finding the machines’ flaws — something they’re not doing yet.
Darktrace
“We’ve seen again and again, the reason new solutions work better is because attackers aren’t targeting its weaknesses,” he says. “As soon as it became popular, it started working worse and worse.”
About 60 percent of cybersecurity experts at Black Hat believe hackers will use AI for attacks by 2018, according to a survey from the security company Cylance.
“Machine learning security is not foolproof,” says Hyrum Anderson, principal data scientist at cybersecurity company Endgame, who and their tools. Anderson expects AI-based malware will rapidly make thousands of attempts to find code that the AI-based security misses.
to see more Road Trip adventures.
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“The bad guy can do this with trial and error, and it will cost him months,” Anderson says. “The bot can learn to do this, and it will take hours.”
Anderson says he expects cybercriminals will eventually sell AI malware on darknet market markets to wannabe hackers.
For now, Sherwood feels safe having the city protected by an AI machine, which has shielded Las Vegas’ network for the past year. But he also realizes a day will come when hackers could outsmart the AI. That’s why Sherwood and his Las Vegas security team are at Black Hat: to learn how to use human judgment and creativity while the machine parries attacks as rapidly as they come in.
Kasparov has been trying to make that point for the last 20 years. He sees machines doing about 80 percent to 90 percent of the work, but he believes they’ll never get to what he calls “that last decimal place.”
“You will see more and more advanced destruction on one side, and that will force you to become more creative on the positive side,” he tells me.
“Human creativity is how we make the difference.”
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: CNET hunts for innovation outside the Silicon Valley bubble.
At least, that’s what a . Why? Because 36.4% of the 1.66 million computers survey had LimeWire, a popular peer-to-peer (P2P) program installed. Guilty by association?
I have LimeWire installed on my Mac. This doesn’t make me a thief. In fact, darknet market marketplace I’ve bought a wide range of music through iTunes over the past year. I think I’ve downloaded one or two songs and a few goal compilations using LimeWire in the past year when I couldn’t find them on iTunes. The songs in question – by Led Zeppelin – I ended up buying (again, as I’d already bought them once or darknet markets onion twice on CD and cassette tape) when they became available on iTunes.
So, 99.999% of the music I’ve listened to in the past year was happily bought through legitimate means. .001% was not. At least, not originally. Am I a thief? I suppose so. But not by any devious plan. I imagine that I’m not alone in how I consume music.
But maybe as a 30-something geezer, I’m atypical. Maybe everyone does want to steal music, as the music industry seems to believe. If this is the case, , charging more per song does not sound like a winning resolution to the problem:
Clearly, the so-called “darknet sites” remains far and away the world’s leading provider of online media content, drowning legit download services in a flood of “free.” This data also should give the major darknet market labels pause in their ongoing attempts to convince Apple that $0.99 per song is way too cheap.
The music industry . It resisted the digital urge for so long that it helped to push people to steal rather than purchase music. I think it’s in an intermediate quandary, but one that will fade as more and more people get used to the idea for buying digital music, whether through iTunes (or other online markets), ringtones, or other means.
The music industry can take solace in the discovery that certain demographics are more likely to buy music than others: , best darknet market markets for one, but also older users. , but once they graduate…more disposable income and more propensity to pay for darknet market lists value.
In sum, the music industry can use Simon and Garfunkel to subsidize Britney Spears. Take heart: thieves eventually grow up to become corporate drones with cash to burn and the inclination to do so in legitimate ways.
LONDON, Feb 12 (Reuters) – The kingpin or kingpins of the world’s biggest illicit credit card marketplace have retired after making an estimated fortune of over $1 billion in cryptocurrency, according to research by blockchain analysis firm Elliptic shared with Reuters.
The “Joker’s Stash” marketplace, where stolen credit cards and identity data traded hands for bitcoin and other digital coins, ceased operations this month, dark web market Elliptic said on Friday, in what it called a rare example of such a site bowing out on its own terms.
Criminal use of cryptocurrencies has long worried regulators, with U.S.
Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and darknet market links European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde calling last month for tighter oversight.
While terrorist financing and money laundering are top of law-enforcement concerns, narcotics, fraud, scams and ransomware are among the chief areas of illegal use of digital currencies, according to Elliptic co-founder Tom Robinson.
Joker’s Stash was launched in 2014, with its anonymous founder “JokerStash” – which could be one or more people – posting messages in both Russian and English, Elliptic said.
It was available on the regular web and via the darknet market, which hosts marketplaces selling contraband.
The darknet market, or darkweb, is a part of the internet that isn’t visible to regular search engines, and requires a form of browser that hides a user’s identity to access.
Elliptic, whose clients include law-enforcement agencies and financial firms, estimates that JokerStash raked in more than $1 billion in profits in cryptocurrencies over the years, at current prices.
Bitcoin has soared from just over $300 in 2014 to hit a record $49,000 on Friday, pulling up other coins in its wake.
The blockchain firm reached the over $1 billion figure by analysing the marketplace’s revenue and the fees it charged, and said it was at the lower end of its estimates.
In December, Interpol and the FBI seized the domain names used by the site, but it continued operating via the darknet market, Elliptic said website Cyber-security firm Digital Shadows also said in December that the darknet site remained live after the seizure.
Interpol did not respond to a request for comment.
The FBI could not be reached outside regular business hours.
Trading illegal credit cards is “a billion-dollar business,” said Robinson. “It’s also providing a means of cashing out other types of cyber-criminality.”
On Jan. 15. Joker’s Stash posted a message announcing it would close permanently on Feb.
15. In fact it went offline on Feb. 3, Elliptic said.
“Joker goes on a well-deserved retirement,” said the message, which Reuters saw a screenshot of. “It’s time for us to leave forever.”
Accompanying it was a picture of the 1862 painting “Sta´nczyk” by Polish artist Jan Matejko, which depicts a court jester sitting forlornly in a bedroom as a party goes on in the background.
has announced a spike in far-right and warned that political extremists are ‘the biggest threat to our country.’
The interior ministry reported another annual increase in anti-Semitic crimes, up by 15.7 per cent in 2020, with 2,351 total incidents – 94.6% of which were committed by a far-right suspect.
Of the total, darknet magazine 62 were acts of violence while the majority were antisemitic hate speech and other related crimes, frequently on social media.
Interior dark web sites Minister Horst Seehofer said: ‘This development in Germany is not only troubling, but in view of our history, deeply shameful.’
A protester with an Iron Cross draped over his back outside the Reichstag at a far-right demonstration against lockdown during the summer.
The symbol harks back to imperial Germany and was re-appropriated by the Nazis under Adolf Hitler
Far-right crime rose by 5.65 per cent in 2020, accounting for more than half of all politically-motivated criminality.
Seehofer said: ‘This shows again that right-wing extremism is the biggest threat for our country.’
It comes as Berlin police arrested a 53-year-old man on Tuesday on suspicion of sending dozens of threatening neo-Nazi letters to politicians, lawyers and journalists.
The suspect, whose name wasn’t released for privacy reasons, has previous convictions for ‘numerous crimes, including ones that were motivated by right-wing ideology,’ said prosecutors in Frankfurt, dark web darknet markets who are handling the case.
The letters were signed ‘NSU 2.0.’ A German group called the National Socialist Underground was responsible for a string of violent crimes between 1998 and 2011, including the racially motivated killings of nine men with immigrant backgrounds and a police officer.
The group’s name was derived from the full name of the Nazi, or National Socialist, party.
Police think the suspect sent almost 100 letters to dozens of people and organizations across Germany and Austria since 2018.
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German news agency dpa reported that investigators think the suspect may have obtained personal data on the people he targeted from official records or darknet market forums.
German security agencies warned of the growing threat of violent far-right extremism.
In July 2019, a regional politician from Chancellor Angela Merkel’s party was killed by a neo-Nazi; three months later, a gunman tried to force his way into a synagogue on Yom Kippur, killing two people.
Moshe Kantor, president of the European Jewish Congress, said the German numbers revealed by the interior ministry today highlighted a broader issue.
‘This is a wake-up call, not just for Germany, but for the whole world,’ he said.
‘These figures should ring alarm bells, because we are seeing similar trends across the Western world.’
In 2020, Germany recorded a 72.4% increase in anti-immigrant crimes, up to 5,298 total cases over 3,073 in 2019, Seehofer said.
A bullet lies on the street in Hanau in February, 2020, after a right-wing terrorist shot nine people before turning the gun on himself
Forensic officers investigating in Hanau after the shooting which targeted immigrants in February, 2020
In the most deadly incident, nine people with immigrant backgrounds were shot dead in Hanau, near Frankfurt, in February by a gunman who had called for genocide.
Authorities have raised concerns about the role the Alternative for Germany party allegedly played in stoking a climate of resentment toward immigrants and the government.
The party, which placed third in Germany’s 2017 election, has moved steadily to the right in recent years, drawing increasing scrutiny from the country’s domestic intelligence agency.
On Tuesday, Alternative for Germany’s section in Berlin condemned a member who appeared to lament the absence of attacks on Merkel.
The news website Business Insider reported that AfD’s former chairman in Berlin, Guenter Brinker, forwarded a message stating that ‘either that piece of dirt is so well protected that nobody can get at her, or don’t the Germans have any balls?’
Brinker said later that he had mistakenly forwarded the message and regretted doing so, and that he rejected ‘all forms of hatred and violence.’
Many in the AfD have expressed support for, and participated in, the regular protests in Germany against lockdown measures, darknet market markets onion address organized by the so-called Querdenker movement.
Interior Minister Horst Seehofer (pictured on Tuesday) said: ‘This (anti-Semitic) development in Germany is not only troubling, but in view of our history, deeply shameful.’
The demonstrations have become increasingly violent, and the country’s domestic intelligence service late last month said it had put some members of the loose-knit Querdenker movement under observation.
The protests have brought together a broad range of demonstrators, dark web market including people opposing vaccinations, others who deny the existence of the coronavirus, mask opponents, conspiracy theorists and others.
Seehofer said the protests have also attracted neo-Nazis and other right-wing extremists, and have regularly become violent.
‘At these gatherings organized by the so-called Querdenker movement, attacks are directed against police officers and the press,’ Seehofer said.
‘Of the 260 reported crimes against journalists, dark web sites 112 were related to corona’ protests, he said.
‘I want to say here very clearly: These acts of violence are no longer about exercising a constitutional right (to demonstrate), but are acts of violence of a criminal nature that I condemn in the strongest possible terms.’
NEW YORK, Aug 3 (Reuters) – Chinese cryptocurrency addresses sent more than $2.2 billion worth of digital tokens to addresses tied to illegal activity such as scams and darknet market lists operations between April 2019 and June 2021, according to a report from blockchain data platform Chainalysis released on Tuesday.
These addresses received $2 billion in cryptocurrency from illicit sources as well, making China a large player in digital-currency related crime, dark markets 2024 it added.
The report analyzes China’s cryptocurrency activity amid government crackdowns.
However, China’s transaction volume with illicit addresses has fallen drastically over the two-year period in terms of absolute value and relative to other countries, Chainalysis said.
The big reason is the absence of large-scale Ponzi schemes such as the 2019 scam involving crypto wallet and exchange PlusToken that originated in China, it noted.
Users and customers lost an estimated $3 billion to $4 billion from the PlusToken scam.
The vast majority of China’s illegal fund movements in crypto has been related to scams, although that has declined as well, the Chainalysis report said.
“This is most likely because of both the awareness raised by PlusToken, as well as the crackdowns in the area,” said Gurvais Grigg, dark web darknet market list global public sector chief technology officer at Chainalysis, in an email to Reuters.
The report also cited trafficking out of China in fentanyl, a very potent narcotic pain medication prescribed for severe pain or pain after surgery.
Chainalysis described China as the hub of the global fentanyl trade, with many Chinese producers of the drug using cryptocurrency to carry out transactions.
Money laundering is another notable form of crypto-based crime disproportionately carried out in China, Chainalysis said.
Most cryptocurrency-based money laundering involves mainstream digital currency exchanges, often through over-the-counter desks whose businesses are built on top of these platforms.
Chainalysis noted that China appears to be taking action against businesses and darknet market list individuals facilitating this activity.
It cited Zhao Dong, founder of several Chinese OTC businesses, pleading guilty in May to money laundering charges after being arrested last year.
(Reporting by Gertrude Chavez-Dreyfuss; Editing by Richard Chang)
Hackers have stolen the source code for Electronic Arts (EA) games including and darknet market markets links tools like the ‘Frostbite’ engine that powers titles such as the ‘Battlefield’ series.
The California-based video game company acknowledged the cybercrime on Thursday June 10,
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EA also said that it was ‘actively working with law enforcement officials and other experts as part of [an] ongoing criminal investigation.’
According to Vice, hackers have been boasting online about the attack via underground internet forums, with one post saying they ‘have full capability of exploiting on all EA services.’
Furthermore, they reported, the hackers have been advertising the stolen software for sale across various dark web link web forums.
A spokesperson for dark market url EA has said that the attackers did not access any private player data and that the breach is unlikely to affect their business operations.
Pictured: a screenshot from EA’s upcoming ‘Battlefield 2042’ game, powered by the Frostbite engine whose code was stolen
‘Anytime source code gets leaked, it’s not good,’ said cloud security architect Stuart Green of Isreal-based Check Point Software.
‘With such precious information in their hands, hackers can easily see the inner workings of a game, exploit security gaps and even reverse-engineer games for malicious purposes,’ he continued.
‘These malicious activities can scale if hackers proceed to sell their theft.’
‘Reports are out that the source code in the EA Games data leak is already being advertised on the darknet market, which is not surprising as hackers are usually quick to monetise what they steal.’
‘Selling such proprietary information, like source code from EA Games, can net someone big money on the darknet market.’
Among the files stolen was part of the source code for the Frostbite game engine which powers many EA titles, including the ‘Battlefield’ series.
Pictured: Game enthusiasts and industry personnel watch scenes from ‘Battlefield One’ during the Electronic Arts EA Play event on June 10, 2017 in Los Angeles, California
The news follows a wave of high-profile cyberattacks in recent months.
These have included several ransomware attacks on industrial firms and health care facilities — as well as and breaches of government and non-profit networks which experts have attributed to espionage efforts.
The attack on EA comes as major video game makers are on the brink of participating in the annual , which is running from June 12-15 this year and is being held virtually due to the pandemic.
BERLIN (AP) – German prosecutors said Friday they have charged a man with plotting an Islamic extremist attack in the Hamburg area around the time of last year’s 20th anniversary of the Sept.
11, dark market url markets 2024 2001 attacks in the United States.
The German-Moroccan dual citizen, identified only as Abdurrahman C. in line with German privacy rules, darknet market magazine was in August. An indictment filed at the Hamburg state court charges him with preparing a serious act of violence and violating weapons laws.
It wasn’t immediately clear when the case might go to trial.
Federal prosecutors alleged the suspect decided by January 2021 to carry out an attack in the Hamburg area, and dark markets 2024 that his model was the 2013 attack on the Boston Marathon.
He bought large quantities of chemicals as well as hundreds of screws and nuts that could be used for dark market link bomb-building, dark web market list prosecutors said.
To disguise his intentions, they added, he had the items delivered to a variety of addresses.
The suspect also allegedly tried to buy a hand grenade and a semiautomatic gun on the darknet market, a part of the internet hosted within an encrypted network and accessible only through specialized anonymity-providing tools.
Three of the four militants who piloted the hijacked airliners used in the 9/11 attacks had lived and darkmarket list studied in Hamburg.
LISBON, March 17 (Reuters) – The closure of nightclubs and bars during COVID-19 lockdowns in Europe is likely behind a significant drop in the use of party drug MDMA last year but consumption of other substances such as cocaine and cannabis kept rising, an EU study said on Thursday.
Conducted by the Lisbon-based European Union drugs agency (EMCDDA), a study of wastewater from nearly 45 million people in 75 European cities revealed that the use of most drugs, except MDMA, increased last year.
Around half of the cities where the study was conducted, ranging from Barcelona to Oslo, darknet markets onion recorded increases in detected residues of cocaine, amphetamine, cannabis and methamphetamine in wastewater.
“The results show both a rise and spread for most of the substances studied, reflecting a drugs problem that is both pervasive and complex,” EMCDDA director Alexis Goosdeel said in a statement.
A 2021 report by the United Nations showed a big increase in drug users worldwide due to the pandemic.
It said many turned to drugs due to poverty, unemployment and inequality.
MDMA was the only drug where residues declined in the majority of the cities studied, possibly due to pandemic-driven closures of nightlife venues where this drug is often consumed, dark darknet markets links 2024 EMCDDA said.
The study also showed drugs were now reported more evenly across European cities compared to previous years when more diverse geographical patterns were observed.
Cocaine, for onion dark website instance, remains most prominent in western and southern European cities but is increasingly found in eastern Europe.
Methamphetamine, dark web market urls websites historically concentrated in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, is now found in cities across the continent.
The study said the use of cannabis appeared to have been less affected by COVID-19 lockdowns than other drugs. In a report last year, EMCDDA said cannabis users were stocking up via the darknet market lists to avoid shortages during lockdowns.
(Reporting by Catarina Demony Editing by Mark Heinrich)
This is part of our about how innovators are thinking up new ways to make you — and the world around you — smarter.
“Are you a hacker?”
A Las Vegas driver asks me this after I tell him I’m headed to Defcon at Caesars Palace. I wonder if his sweat isn’t just from the 110℉ heat blasting the city.
All week, a cloud of paranoia looms over Las Vegas, as hackers from around the world swarm Sin City for Black Hat and Defcon, two back-to-back cybersecurity conferences taking place in the last week of July. At Caesars Palace, where Defcon is celebrating its 25th anniversary, the UPS store posts a sign telling guests it won’t accept printing requests from USB thumb drives. You can’t be too careful with all those hackers in town.
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Everywhere I walk I see hackers — in tin-foiled fedoras, wearing . Mike Spicer, a security researcher, carries a 4-foot-high backpack holding a “Wi-Fi cactus.” Think wires, antennas, colored lights and 25 Wi-Fi scanners that, darknet market in seven hours, captured 75 gigabytes of data from anyone foolish enough to use public Wi-Fi. I see a woman thank him for holding the door open for her, all while his backpack sniffs for unencrypted passwords and personal information it can grab literally out of thin air.
You’d think that, with all the potential threats literally walking about town, Vegas’ director of technology and innovation, Mike Sherwood, would be stressed out. It’s his job to protect thousands of smart sensors around the city that could jam traffic, blast water through pipes or cause a blackout if anything goes haywire.
And yet he’s sitting right in front of me at Black Hat, smiling.
His entire three-person team, in fact, is at Black Hat so they can learn how to stave off future attacks. Machine learning is guarding Las Vegas’ network for them.
Broadly speaking, artificial intelligence refers to machines carrying out jobs that we would consider smart. Machine learning is a subset of AI in which computers learn and adapt for themselves.
Now a number of cybersecurity companies are turning to machine learning in an attempt to stay one step ahead of professionals working to steal industrial secrets, disrupt national infrastructures, hold computer networks for ransom and even influence elections. Las Vegas, which relies on machine learning to keep the bad guys out, offers a glimpse into a future when more of us will turn to our AI overlords for protection.
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Man and machine
At its most basic, machine learning for security involves feeding massive amounts of data to the AI program, which the software then analyzes to spot patterns and recognize what is, and isn’t, a threat. If you do this millions of times, the machine becomes smart enough to prevent intrusions and malware on its own.
Theoretically.
Machine learning naysayers argue that hackers can write malware to trick AI. Sure the software can learn really fast, but it stumbles when it encounters data its creators didn’t anticipate. Remember how trolls turned ? It makes a good case against relying on AI for cybersecurity, where the stakes are so high.
Even so, that has protected Las Vegas’ network and thousands of sensors for the last 18 months.
Since last February, Darktrace has defended the city from cyberattacks, around the clock. That comes in handy when you have only three staffers handling cybersecurity for people, 3,000 employees and thousands of online devices. It was worse when Sherwood joined two years ago.
“That was the time where we only had one security person on the team,” Sherwood tells me. “That was when I thought, ‘I need help and I can’t afford to hire more people.'”
He’d already used Darktrace in his previous job as deputy director of public safety and city technology in Irvine, California, and he thought the software could help in Las Vegas. Within two weeks, Darktrace found malware on Las Vegas’ network that was sending out data.
“We didn’t even know,” Sherwood says. “Traditional scanners weren’t picking it up.”
Pattern recognition
I’m standing in front of a tattoo parlor in , a little more than 4 miles from Caesars Palace. Across the street, I see three shuttered stores next to two bail bonds shops.
I’m convinced the taxi driver dropped me off at the wrong location.
This is supposed to be Vegas’ $1 million Innovation District project? Where are the in the area? Or the ?
I look again at the Innovation District map on my phone. I’m in the right place. Despite the rundown stores, trailer homes and empty lots, this corner of downtown Vegas is much smarter than it looks.
That’s because hidden on the roads and inside all the streetlights, traffic signals and pipes are thousands of sensors. They’re tracking the air quality, controlling the lights and water, counting the cars traveling along the roads, and providing Wi-Fi.
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Officials chose the city’s rundown area to serve as its Innovation District because they wanted to redevelop it, with help from technology, Sherwood says. There’s just one problem: All those connected devices are potential targets for a cyberattack. That’s where Darktrace comes in.
Sherwood willingly banks on Darktrace to protect the city’s entire network because the software comes at machine learning from a different angle. Most machine learning tools rely on brute force: dark darknet market cramming themselves with thousands of terabytes of data so they can learn through plenty of trial and error. That’s how IBM’s Deep Blue computer learned to defeat Garry Kasparov, the world chess champion, in a best-of-seven match in 1997. In the security world, that data describes malware signatures — essentially algorithms that identify specific viruses or worms, for instance.
Darktrace, in contrast, doesn’t look at a massive database of malware that’s come before. Instead, it looks for patterns of human behavior. It learns within a week what’s considered normal behavior for users and sets off alarms when things fall out of pattern, like when someone’s computer suddenly starts encrypting loads of files.
Rise of the machines?
Still, it’s probably too soon to hand over all security responsibilities to artificial intelligence, says , a security professor and director of Carnegie Mellon University’s CyLab Security and Privacy Institute. He predicts it’ll take at least 10 years before we can safely use AI to keep bad things out.
“It’s really easy for AI to miss things,” Brumley tells me over the phone. “It’s not a perfect solution, and you still need people to make important choices.”
Aaron Robinson/CNET
Brumley’s team last year built an AI machine that won beating out other AI entries. A few days later, their contender took on some of the world’s best hackers at Defcon. They came in last.
Sure, machines can help humans fight the scale and speed of attacks, but it’ll take years before they can actually call the shots, says Brumley.
That’s because the model for AI right now is still data cramming, which — by today’s standards — is actually kind of dumb.
But it was still good enough to , making him the de facto poster child for man outsmarted by machine.
“I always remind people it was a rematch, because I won the first one,” he tells me, chuckling, while sitting in a room at Caesars Palace during Defcon. Today Kasparov, 54, is the which is why he’s been giving talks around the country on why humans need to work with AI in cybersecurity.
He tells me machines can now learn too fast for humans to keep up, no matter if it’s chess or cybersecurity. “The vigilance and the precision required to beat the machine — it’s virtually impossible to reach in human competition,” Kasparov says.
Nobody’s perfect
About two months before Defcon, I’m at Darktrace’s headquarters in New York, where company executives show me how the system works.
On a screen, I see connected computers and printers sending data to Darktrace’s network as it monitors for behavior that’s out of the ordinary.
Garry Kasparov addresses the Defcon crowd at this year’s conference.
Avast
“For example, Sue doesn’t usually access this much internal data,” Nancy Karches, Darktrace’s sales manager, tells me. “This is straying from Sue’s normal pattern.” So Darktrace shuts down an attack most likely waged by another machine.
“When you have machine-based attacks, the attacks are moving at a machine speed from one to the other,” says Darktrace CEO Nicole Eagan. “It’s hard for humans to keep up with that.”
But what happens when AI becomes the norm? When everyone’s using AI, says Brumley, hackers will turn all their attention on finding the machines’ flaws — something they’re not doing yet.
Darktrace
“We’ve seen again and again, the reason new solutions work better is because attackers aren’t targeting its weaknesses,” he says. “As soon as it became popular, it started working worse and worse.”
About 60 percent of cybersecurity experts at Black Hat believe hackers will use AI for attacks by 2018, according to a survey from the security company Cylance.
“Machine learning security is not foolproof,” says Hyrum Anderson, principal data scientist at cybersecurity company Endgame, who and their tools. Anderson expects AI-based malware will rapidly make thousands of attempts to find code that the AI-based security misses.
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“The bad guy can do this with trial and error, and it will cost him months,” Anderson says. “The bot can learn to do this, and it will take hours.”
Anderson says he expects cybercriminals will eventually sell AI malware on darknet market links markets to wannabe hackers.
For darkmarket url now, Sherwood feels safe having the city protected by an AI machine, which has shielded Las Vegas’ network for the past year. But he also realizes a day will come when hackers could outsmart the AI. That’s why Sherwood and his Las Vegas security team are at Black Hat: to learn how to use human judgment and creativity while the machine parries attacks as rapidly as they come in.
Kasparov has been trying to make that point for the last 20 years. He sees machines doing about 80 percent to 90 percent of the work, but he believes they’ll never get to what he calls “that last decimal place.”
“You will see more and more advanced destruction on one side, and that will force you to become more creative on the positive side,” he tells me.
“Human creativity is how we make the difference.”
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